What ventilation type is influenced by natural forces rather than mechanical means?

Natural ventilation is driven by natural forces, particularly the temperature and pressure differences that exist between the inside of a mine and the external environment. This type of ventilation relies on the natural movement of air, which occurs due to factors such as wind, thermal buoyancy, and the stack effect.

In contrast, forced ventilation involves mechanical systems such as fans to actively push or pull air through the mine. Positive pressure ventilation introduces air under pressure to generate airflow, while negative pressure ventilation creates a vacuum to draw air. These methods depend on mechanical means and energy to function, unlike natural ventilation, which relies solely on natural atmospheric conditions.

Understanding the distinctions between these ventilation types is critical in mine safety and operational efficiency, as each has unique implications for air quality management and the safety of underground workers.